Determination of the Hydraulic Behavior of Aquifers in Northern Orinoquia, Colombia
Abstract
The “Casanare Drought” (2014-2015) triggered alarms on the imbalance taking place in some areas of the Orinoquia region, due to inadequate soil use, indiscriminate felling, and the absence of regulatory agencies. As a consequence, there is increasing water stress, resulting in the mass death of animals and loss of crops, among other phenomena. Further studies are needed to understand the water dynamics in northern Casanare, especially in the small villages of Caño Chiquito and Centro Gaitán, where the greatest environmental damage occurred. The geological and geophysical aspects of the area were studied along with a hydraulic characterization, based on pumping tests, which determined parameters such as transmissivity, specific capacity, hydraulic conductivity and storage coefficient. All of this was conducted to know the hydrogeological conditions of the zone. The geology of the area is determined by the environment of deposition of alluvial fan influenced by river currents in the middle section, and wind deposits in the farthest area of the foothills. This information is corroborated by the tomographic sections. As a result of the pumping tests, it was possible to determine that there are aquifers with a wide productivity range goes from very poor to good, according to the transmissivity values, with permeabilities that range from very low to low, in relation to the values of hydraulic conductivity. In addition, according to their specific capacity, aquifers vary in extension and continuity, when they are local aquifers (quaternary deposits) to regional aquifers (Guayabo formation).
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References
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