Asymmetries in educational systems and institutional patterns: towards the construction of a human capital global indicator

  • Jorge E. Sáenz C UNIVERSIDAD DE TORONTO (CANADÁ)
  • German Sánchez P UMNG
  • Luz Aydée Higuera C UNIVERSIDAD LA GRAN COLOMBIA
Keywords: Human capital, economic growth, education, quality of education, human capital global indicator

Abstract

This paper presents a theoretical and empirical review of the relationship between human capital and economic growth. It is found that there is a relationship between human capital and other factors, such as the quality of education, political stability, the reliability of the judicial system, corruption and bureaucracy. Likewise, an analysis is presented about the theoretical considerations of human capital, highlighting the statistical divergences presented in the estimated coefficients, when different variables are taken to capture the effects of this factor on the product. In addition, a theoretical review is made on the importance of human capital in productivity, and institutional asymmetries are analyzed with current statistics for 37 countries. Finally, a Human Capital Global Indicator (IGCH) is proposed and calculated.

Author Biographies

Jorge E. Sáenz C, UNIVERSIDAD DE TORONTO (CANADÁ)
Economista y magister en Economía. Consultor e investigador independiente. Actualmente es Asistente del Profesor Albert Berry de la Universidad de Toronto. Correo electrónico: josaenza8@gmail.com
German Sánchez P, UMNG
Doctor en Ciencias Económicas. Profesor e investigador de la Universidad Militar Nueva Granada Correo electrónico: german.sanchez@unimilitar.edu.co
Luz Aydée Higuera C, UNIVERSIDAD LA GRAN COLOMBIA
Economista y Estudiante de Maestría en Relaciones y Negocios Internacionales, Universidad Militar “Nueva Granada”. Correo electrónico: aydeehiguera@gmail.com

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

Jorge E. Sáenz C, UNIVERSIDAD DE TORONTO (CANADÁ)
Economista y magister en Economía. Consultor e investigador independiente. Actualmente es Asistente del Profesor Albert Berry de la Universidad de Toronto. Correo electrónico: josaenza8@gmail.com
German Sánchez P, UMNG
Doctor en Ciencias Económicas. Profesor e investigador de la Universidad Militar Nueva Granada Correo electrónico: german.sanchez@unimilitar.edu.co
Luz Aydée Higuera C, UNIVERSIDAD LA GRAN COLOMBIA
Economista y Estudiante de Maestría en Relaciones y Negocios Internacionales, Universidad Militar “Nueva Granada”. Correo electrónico: aydeehiguera@gmail.com

References

Acemoglu, D. & Verdier, T. (1998). Property Rights, Corruption and the Allocation of Talent: A General Equilibrium Approach. Econ. J. 108 (450):1381–1403. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-0297.00347

Barro, J. R. (1991). Economic Growth in a Cross Section of Countries. Quarterly Journal of Economics, CVI (May): 407-43 https://doi.org/10.2307/2937943

Blanchard, O. (1997). Microeconomic, Ed. Prentice Hall.

Caballé, J. & Santos, M.S., (1993). On endogenous growth with physical and human capital. Journal of Political Economy 101: 1042-1067. https://doi.org/10.1086/261914

Caselli, F., Esquivel, G. & Lefort, F. (1996). Reopening the Convergence Debate: A New Look at Cross-Country Growth Empirics. Journal of Economics Growth, 1: 363-389. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00141044

Dessus S. (2001). Human capital and growth the recovered role of educational systems. World Bank

Dornbusch, R., Fischer S. & R. Startz (1998), Macroeconomía, McGraw-Hill, Séptima Edición, Cap. 1.

Johannes, H. (1998). Human capital and economic growth a survey of the literatura. CPB Report

Lucas, R. E. Jr., (1988). On the Mechanics of Development Planning. Journal of Monetary Economics 22: 3-42. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3932(88)90168-7

Mankiw G. Macroeconomía. (2009) 5ª. Edición. Cengage Learning editores. México D.F.

Mankiw. N., Romer, D. & Weil, D. (1992). A Contribution to the Empirics of Economic Growth. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 107 (2): 407-437 https://doi.org/10.2307/2118477

Mauro, P. (1995). Corruption and Growth. Quarterly Journal Economics 110 (3) https://doi.org/10.2307/2946696

Mauro, P. (1997). The effects of corruption on growth, investment, and government expenditure: A cross-country analysis. Institute International for Economics.

Pritchett, L. (1996). Where Has All the Education Gone?. Policy, Research working paper; no. WPS 1581. Washington, DC: World Bank.

Rebelo, S. (1991). Long-Run Policy Analysis and the Long-Run Growth. Journal of Political Economy 99 (3): 500-521. https://doi.org/10.1086/261764

Reveiz, E. (2004). El desenlace neoliberal: tragedia o renacimiento.

Rogers, M. (2008). Directly Unproductive Schooling: How Country Characteristics Affect the Impact of Schooling on Growth. European Economic Review, 52: 356-385. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euroecorev.2007.03.001

Romer, P. (1986). Increasing Returns and Long-Run Growth. Journal of Political Economy, Romer, P. (1990). Endogenous Technological Change. Journal of Political Economy 98(14): 71-102.

Sáenz, J. & Díaz, A. (2010). Evaluation of Educational System, Including Peer Instruction, Educational Levels and Degree s of Freedom, Working paper

Shultz T.W. (1961). Investment in Human Capital. America Economic Review. 51: 14-15

Uzawa, H. (1965). Optimal technical change in an aggregative model of economic growth. International Economic Review 6: 18-31. https://doi.org/10.2307/2525621

How to Cite
Sáenz C, J. E., Sánchez P, G., & Higuera C, L. A. (2017). Asymmetries in educational systems and institutional patterns: towards the construction of a human capital global indicator. Revista Facultad De Ciencias Económicas, 26(1), 245–262. https://doi.org/10.18359/rfce.3146
Published
2017-11-08
Section
Artículos