Análisis de la relación entre corrupción gubernamental y satisfacción con la vida en América Latina
Resumen
El bienestar es uno de los principales objetos de estudio de la Economía, y la satisfacción con la vida se utiliza frecuentemente como indicador para medirlo. La satisfacción con la vida está influida por diversos factores socioeconómicos, incluida la percepción de corrupción. En este contexto, la relación entre la percepción de corrupción y el nivel de bienestar autorreportado no es un consenso en la literatura empírica, especialmente en América Latina. Por ello, este estudio tiene como objetivo investigar la relación entre la percepción de corrupción gubernamental y la satisfacción con la vida en la región. Para ello, a partir de datos de la organización no gubernamental Latinobarómetro referentes al año 2018, se estimaron modelos Probit Ordenado. Los resultados sugieren la existencia de una relación inversa entre niveles más elevados de corrupción gubernamental percibidos por la población y la satisfacción con la vida. Además, mediante la inclusión de interacciones entre percepción de corrupción gubernamental y clases de ingresos, raza y género, se pudo identificar que hombres blancos y asiáticos, pertenecientes a clases de ingresos bajos y muy bajos, y que poseen una mayor percepción de corrupción por parte de los gobiernos tienden a reportar un menor nivel de satisfacción con la vida. A partir de estos resultados, las políticas públicas que sean eficaces en la lucha contra la corrupción pueden elevar el nivel de bienestar y contribuir al proceso de desarrollo económico latinoamericano.
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